Decoding Consumer Habits: Analyzing Retail Patterns Across Demographics
Corresponding Author(s) : Sazib Hossain
Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal),
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA)
Abstract
This study examines consumer habits by analyzing retail patterns across vari- ous demographics using a dataset encompassing 3,900 transactions. The data includes variables such as age, gender, item purchased, purchase amount, loca- tion, and more, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of consumer behavior. Key insights reveal significant trends in purchasing decisions influenced by de- mographic factors like age and gender, as well as external elements such as sea- sonality and promotional activities. The analysis identifies predominant shop- ping preferences among different age groups, highlighting the influence of dis- counts and promotional codes on purchasing behavior. Additionally, the study explores the correlation between customer loyalty, as indicated by subscription status and frequency of purchases, and spending patterns. By decoding these retail patterns, this research provides valuable insights for retailers aiming to optimize marketing strategies and enhance customer engagement through tar- geted interventions. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how demographic factors shape consumer behavior, offering actionable insights for businesses seeking to adapt to evolving market demands.
Keywords
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- Grewal, D., Levy, M. and Kumar, V., 2009. Customer experience management in retailing: An organizing framework. Journal of retailing, 85(1), pp.1-14.
- Moore, J.F., 1993. Predators and prey: a new ecology of competition. Harvard business review, 71(3), pp.75-86.
- Hitt, M.A., Keats, B.W. and DeMarie, S.M., 1998. Navigating in the new competitive landscape: Building strategic flexibility and competitive advantage in the 21st century. Academy of Management Perspectives, 12(4), pp.22-42.
- De Mooij, M., 2019. Consumer behavior and culture: Consequences for global marketing and advertising.
- England, P., 2017. Households, employment, and gender: A social, economic, and demographic view. Routledge.
- Batat, W., 2019. Experiential marketing: Consumer behavior, customer experience and the 7Es. Routledge.
- Baran, R.J. and Galka, R.J., 2016. Customer Relationship Management: the foundation of contemporary marketing strategy. Routledge.
- Parker, P.M. and Tavassoli, N.T., 2000. Homeostasis and consumer behavior across cultures. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 17(1), pp.33-53.
- Weidner, K.L., Rosa, J.A. and Viswanathan, M., 2010. Marketing to subsistence consumers: Lessons from practice. Journal of Business Research, 63(6), pp.559-569.
- Hausman, A., 2000. A multi‐method investigation of consumer motivations in impulse buying behavior. Journal of consumer marketing, 17(5), pp.403-426.
- Silayoi, P. and Speece, M., 2004. Packaging and purchase decisions: An exploratory study on the impact of involvement level and time pressure. British food journal, 106(8), pp.607-628.
- Lian, J.W. and Yen, D.C., 2014. Online shopping drivers and barriers for older adults: Age and gender differences. Computers in human behavior, 37, pp.133-143.
- Bilgihan, A., 2016. Gen Y customer loyalty in online shopping: An integrated model of trust, user experience and branding. Computers in human behavior, 61, pp.103-113.
- Applebaum, W., 1951. Studying customer behavior in retail stores. Journal of marketing, 16(2), pp.172-178.
- Fildes, R., Ma, S. and Kolassa, S., 2022. Retail forecasting: Research and practice. International Journal of Forecasting, 38(4), pp.1283-1318.
- Victor, V., Joy Thoppan, J., Jeyakumar Nathan, R. and Farkas Maria, F., 2018. Factors influencing consumer behavior and prospective purchase decisions in a dynamic pricing environment—an exploratory factor analysis approach. Social Sciences, 7(9), p.153.
- Darley, W.K., Blankson, C. and Luethge, D.J., 2010. Toward an integrated framework for online consumer behavior and decision making process: A review. Psychology & marketing, 27(2), pp.94-116.
- D’Souza, C., Taghian, M., Lamb, P. and Peretiatko, R., 2007. Green decisions: demographics and consumer understanding of environmental labels. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 31(4), pp.371-376.
- Saura, J.R., Ribeiro-Soriano, D. and Palacios-Marqués, D., 2021. From user-generated data to data-driven innovation: A research agenda to understand user privacy in digital markets. International Journal of Information Management, 60, p.102331.
- Kar, A.K. and Dwivedi, Y.K., 2020. Theory building with big data-driven research–Moving away from the “What” towards the “Why”. International Journal of Information Management, 54, p.102205.
- Sarker, I.H., 2021. Data science and analytics: an overview from data-driven smart computing, decision-making and applications perspective. SN Computer Science, 2(5), p.377.
- Souitaris, V. and Balabanis, G., 2007. Tailoring online retail strategies to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty. Long range planning, 40(2), pp.244-261.
- Kumar, V., Anand, A. and Song, H., 2017. Future of retailer profitability: An organizing framework. Journal of Retailing, 93(1), pp.96-119.
- Sam, D.L. and Berry, J.W., 2010. Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on psychological science, 5(4), pp.472-481.
- Triandis, H.C., 1989. The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychological review, 96(3), p.506.
- Lutz, C. and Newlands, G., 2018. Consumer segmentation within the sharing economy: The case of Airbnb. Journal of Business Research, 88, pp.187-196.
- Moschis, G.P., 2007. Stress and consumer behavior. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35, pp.430-444.
- Benediktsson, M.O., Lamberta, B. and Larsen, E., 2016. Taming a “chaotic concept”: Gentrification and segmented consumption in Brooklyn, 2002–2012. Urban Geography, 37(4), pp.590-610.
- Bradlow, E.T., Gangwar, M., Kopalle, P. and Voleti, S., 2017. The role of big data and predictive analytics in retailing. Journal of retailing, 93(1), pp.79-95.
- Erevelles, S., Fukawa, N. and Swayne, L., 2016. Big Data consumer analytics and the transformation of marketing. Journal of business research, 69(2), pp.897-904.
- Zhang, J.Z. and Chang, C.W., 2021. Consumer dynamics: Theories, methods, and emerging directions. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 49, pp.166-196.
- Williams, K.C. and Page, R.A., 2011. Marketing to the generations. Journal of behavioral studies in business, 3(1), pp.37-53.
- Parment, A., 2013. Generation Y vs. Baby Boomers: Shopping behavior, buyer involvement and implications for retailing. Journal of retailing and consumer services, 20(2), pp.189-199.
- Gurtner, S. and Soyez, K., 2016. How to catch the generation Y: Identifying consumers of ecological innovations among youngsters. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 106, pp.101-107.
- Nguyen, V.H. and Claus, E., 2013. Good news, bad news, consumer sentiment and consumption behavior. Journal of Economic Psychology, 39, pp.426-438.
- Dholakia, R.R., 1999. Going shopping: key determinants of shopping behaviors and motivations. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 27(4), pp.154-165.
- Otnes, C. and McGrath, M.A., 2001. Perceptions and realities of male shopping behavior. Journal of retailing, 77(1), pp.111-137.
- Bakewell, C. and Mitchell, V.W., 2006. Male versus female consumer decision making styles. Journal of business research, 59(12), pp.1297-1300.
- Jiang, J.Q., Yang, C.X. and Yan, X.P., 2013. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 for fast adsorption and removal of benzotriazoles from aqueous solution. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 5(19), pp.9837-9842.
- Piron, F., 1991. Defining impulse purchasing. Advances in consumer research, 18(1).
- Palmer, J.W. and Markus, M.L., 2000. The performance impacts of quick response and strategic alignment in specialty retailing. Information systems research, 11(3), pp.241-259.
- Blattberg, R.C. and Neslin, S.A., 1993. Sales promotion models. Handbooks in operations research and management science, 5, pp.553-609.
- Mela, C.F., Gupta, S. and Lehmann, D.R., 1997. The long-term impact of promotion and advertising on consumer brand choice. Journal of Marketing research, 34(2), pp.248-261.
- Inman, J.J., McAlister, L. and Hoyer, W.D., 1990. Promotion signal: proxy for a price cut?. Journal of consumer research, 17(1), pp.74-81.
- Ailawadi, K.L., Lehmann, D.R. and Neslin, S.A., 2001. Market response to a major policy change in the marketing mix: Learning from Procter & Gamble's value pricing strategy. Journal of marketing, 65(1), pp.44-61.
- Beck, L. and Ajzen, I., 1991. Predicting dishonest actions using the theory of planned behavior. Journal of research in personality, 25(3), pp.285-301.
- Pavlou, P.A. and Fygenson, M., 2006. Understanding and predicting electronic commerce adoption: An extension of the theory of planned behavior. MIS quarterly, pp.115-143.
- Verplanken, B. and Herabadi, A., 2001. Individual differences in impulse buying tendency: Feeling and no thinking. European Journal of personality, 15(S1), pp.S71-S83.
References
Grewal, D., Levy, M. and Kumar, V., 2009. Customer experience management in retailing: An organizing framework. Journal of retailing, 85(1), pp.1-14.
Moore, J.F., 1993. Predators and prey: a new ecology of competition. Harvard business review, 71(3), pp.75-86.
Hitt, M.A., Keats, B.W. and DeMarie, S.M., 1998. Navigating in the new competitive landscape: Building strategic flexibility and competitive advantage in the 21st century. Academy of Management Perspectives, 12(4), pp.22-42.
De Mooij, M., 2019. Consumer behavior and culture: Consequences for global marketing and advertising.
England, P., 2017. Households, employment, and gender: A social, economic, and demographic view. Routledge.
Batat, W., 2019. Experiential marketing: Consumer behavior, customer experience and the 7Es. Routledge.
Baran, R.J. and Galka, R.J., 2016. Customer Relationship Management: the foundation of contemporary marketing strategy. Routledge.
Parker, P.M. and Tavassoli, N.T., 2000. Homeostasis and consumer behavior across cultures. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 17(1), pp.33-53.
Weidner, K.L., Rosa, J.A. and Viswanathan, M., 2010. Marketing to subsistence consumers: Lessons from practice. Journal of Business Research, 63(6), pp.559-569.
Hausman, A., 2000. A multi‐method investigation of consumer motivations in impulse buying behavior. Journal of consumer marketing, 17(5), pp.403-426.
Silayoi, P. and Speece, M., 2004. Packaging and purchase decisions: An exploratory study on the impact of involvement level and time pressure. British food journal, 106(8), pp.607-628.
Lian, J.W. and Yen, D.C., 2014. Online shopping drivers and barriers for older adults: Age and gender differences. Computers in human behavior, 37, pp.133-143.
Bilgihan, A., 2016. Gen Y customer loyalty in online shopping: An integrated model of trust, user experience and branding. Computers in human behavior, 61, pp.103-113.
Applebaum, W., 1951. Studying customer behavior in retail stores. Journal of marketing, 16(2), pp.172-178.
Fildes, R., Ma, S. and Kolassa, S., 2022. Retail forecasting: Research and practice. International Journal of Forecasting, 38(4), pp.1283-1318.
Victor, V., Joy Thoppan, J., Jeyakumar Nathan, R. and Farkas Maria, F., 2018. Factors influencing consumer behavior and prospective purchase decisions in a dynamic pricing environment—an exploratory factor analysis approach. Social Sciences, 7(9), p.153.
Darley, W.K., Blankson, C. and Luethge, D.J., 2010. Toward an integrated framework for online consumer behavior and decision making process: A review. Psychology & marketing, 27(2), pp.94-116.
D’Souza, C., Taghian, M., Lamb, P. and Peretiatko, R., 2007. Green decisions: demographics and consumer understanding of environmental labels. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 31(4), pp.371-376.
Saura, J.R., Ribeiro-Soriano, D. and Palacios-Marqués, D., 2021. From user-generated data to data-driven innovation: A research agenda to understand user privacy in digital markets. International Journal of Information Management, 60, p.102331.
Kar, A.K. and Dwivedi, Y.K., 2020. Theory building with big data-driven research–Moving away from the “What” towards the “Why”. International Journal of Information Management, 54, p.102205.
Sarker, I.H., 2021. Data science and analytics: an overview from data-driven smart computing, decision-making and applications perspective. SN Computer Science, 2(5), p.377.
Souitaris, V. and Balabanis, G., 2007. Tailoring online retail strategies to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty. Long range planning, 40(2), pp.244-261.
Kumar, V., Anand, A. and Song, H., 2017. Future of retailer profitability: An organizing framework. Journal of Retailing, 93(1), pp.96-119.
Sam, D.L. and Berry, J.W., 2010. Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspectives on psychological science, 5(4), pp.472-481.
Triandis, H.C., 1989. The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychological review, 96(3), p.506.
Lutz, C. and Newlands, G., 2018. Consumer segmentation within the sharing economy: The case of Airbnb. Journal of Business Research, 88, pp.187-196.
Moschis, G.P., 2007. Stress and consumer behavior. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 35, pp.430-444.
Benediktsson, M.O., Lamberta, B. and Larsen, E., 2016. Taming a “chaotic concept”: Gentrification and segmented consumption in Brooklyn, 2002–2012. Urban Geography, 37(4), pp.590-610.
Bradlow, E.T., Gangwar, M., Kopalle, P. and Voleti, S., 2017. The role of big data and predictive analytics in retailing. Journal of retailing, 93(1), pp.79-95.
Erevelles, S., Fukawa, N. and Swayne, L., 2016. Big Data consumer analytics and the transformation of marketing. Journal of business research, 69(2), pp.897-904.
Zhang, J.Z. and Chang, C.W., 2021. Consumer dynamics: Theories, methods, and emerging directions. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 49, pp.166-196.
Williams, K.C. and Page, R.A., 2011. Marketing to the generations. Journal of behavioral studies in business, 3(1), pp.37-53.
Parment, A., 2013. Generation Y vs. Baby Boomers: Shopping behavior, buyer involvement and implications for retailing. Journal of retailing and consumer services, 20(2), pp.189-199.
Gurtner, S. and Soyez, K., 2016. How to catch the generation Y: Identifying consumers of ecological innovations among youngsters. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 106, pp.101-107.
Nguyen, V.H. and Claus, E., 2013. Good news, bad news, consumer sentiment and consumption behavior. Journal of Economic Psychology, 39, pp.426-438.
Dholakia, R.R., 1999. Going shopping: key determinants of shopping behaviors and motivations. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 27(4), pp.154-165.
Otnes, C. and McGrath, M.A., 2001. Perceptions and realities of male shopping behavior. Journal of retailing, 77(1), pp.111-137.
Bakewell, C. and Mitchell, V.W., 2006. Male versus female consumer decision making styles. Journal of business research, 59(12), pp.1297-1300.
Jiang, J.Q., Yang, C.X. and Yan, X.P., 2013. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 for fast adsorption and removal of benzotriazoles from aqueous solution. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 5(19), pp.9837-9842.
Piron, F., 1991. Defining impulse purchasing. Advances in consumer research, 18(1).
Palmer, J.W. and Markus, M.L., 2000. The performance impacts of quick response and strategic alignment in specialty retailing. Information systems research, 11(3), pp.241-259.
Blattberg, R.C. and Neslin, S.A., 1993. Sales promotion models. Handbooks in operations research and management science, 5, pp.553-609.
Mela, C.F., Gupta, S. and Lehmann, D.R., 1997. The long-term impact of promotion and advertising on consumer brand choice. Journal of Marketing research, 34(2), pp.248-261.
Inman, J.J., McAlister, L. and Hoyer, W.D., 1990. Promotion signal: proxy for a price cut?. Journal of consumer research, 17(1), pp.74-81.
Ailawadi, K.L., Lehmann, D.R. and Neslin, S.A., 2001. Market response to a major policy change in the marketing mix: Learning from Procter & Gamble's value pricing strategy. Journal of marketing, 65(1), pp.44-61.
Beck, L. and Ajzen, I., 1991. Predicting dishonest actions using the theory of planned behavior. Journal of research in personality, 25(3), pp.285-301.
Pavlou, P.A. and Fygenson, M., 2006. Understanding and predicting electronic commerce adoption: An extension of the theory of planned behavior. MIS quarterly, pp.115-143.
Verplanken, B. and Herabadi, A., 2001. Individual differences in impulse buying tendency: Feeling and no thinking. European Journal of personality, 15(S1), pp.S71-S83.