Utilizing Wearable Technologies to Foster Outcome-Based Education in Learning Factories

Authors

  • Sofiyan University of Prima Indonesia Medan
  • Lucas Lawrence pandawan incorporation
  • Lily Maria Evans pandawan incorporation
  • Khaizure Mirdad pandawan incorporation
  • Chen Yu Ijiis Incorporation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33050/itee.v3i2.793

Keywords:

Wearable Technologies, Learning Factories, Educational Innovation, Augmented Reality

Abstract

The integration of wearable technologies into educational settings has opened new avenues for enhancing experiential and outcome-based learning, particularly in practice-oriented environments such as learning factories. This study investigates how wearable devices such as smart glasses, biometric trackers, and haptic feedback systems can be effectively utilized to support real-time performance monitoring, contextual learning, and continuous skill assessment in engineering and manufacturing training. The objective of this research is to explore the potential of these technologies in reinforcing the principles of outcome-based education (OBE), where learner competence is measured through demonstrable performance rather than passive knowledge acquisition. A mixed-method approach was adopted, combining qualitative field observations and interviews with quantitative data collected through controlled experiments involving wearable technology use in a simulated learning factory environment. The findings reveal that wearables significantly contribute to increased learner engagement, improved task efficiency, and enhanced feedback mechanisms, leading to better alignment between learning outcomes and industrial competency demands. Moreover, the results suggest that wearable-assisted learning environments foster reflective learning and support personalized instruction by capturing granular data on learner behaviors and outcomes. This research concludes that integrating wearable technologies into learning factories not only enhances the quality and relevance of vocational and technical education but also supports broader sustainable development goals by promoting inclusive, adaptive, and technologically enriched learning systems. The study provides a foundation for future research into scalable, data-driven educational models and the role of emerging technologies in transforming skill-based education.

References

O. Candra, A. Chammam, U. Rahardja, A. A. Ramirez-Coronel, A. A. Al-Jaleel, I. H. Al-Kharsan, I. Muda, G. B. Derakhshani, and M. M. Rezai, “Optimal participation of the renewable energy in microgrids with load management strategy,” Environmental and Climate Technologies, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 56–66, 2023.

A. S. Anwar, U. Rahardja, A. G. Prawiyogi, N. P. L. Santoso, and S. Maulana, “ilearning model approach in creating blockchain based higher education trust,” Int. J. Artif. Intell. Res, vol. 6, no. 1, 2022.

U. Rahardja, P. A. Sunarya, N. Lutfiani, M. Hardini, and H. R. Dananjaya, “Analysis of renewable energy utilization using solar power technology in eliminating microplastic emissions,” in 2022 IEEE Creative Communication and Innovative Technology (ICCIT). IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–6.

K. M. Stanney, A. Skinner, and C. Hughes, “Exercisable learning-theory and evidence-based andragogy for training effectiveness using xr (elevate-xr): elevating the roi of immersive technologies,” International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, vol. 39, no. 11, pp. 2177–2198, 2023.

N. Lutfiani, S. Wijono, U. Rahardja, A. Iriani, and E. A. Nabila, “Artificial intelligence based on recommendation system for startup matchmaking platform,” in 2022 IEEE Creative Communication and Innovative Technology (ICCIT). IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–5.

N. Ramadhona, I. Erliyani et al., “Exploring the components of management information systems: Software, database, and brainware-a literature review,” International Transactions on Education Technology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 65–70, 2023.

Q. Aini, U. Rahardja, D. Manongga, I. Sembiring, M. Hardini, and H. Agustian, “Iot-based indoor air quality using esp32,” in 2022 IEEE Creative Communication and Innovative Technology (ICCIT). IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–5.

B. Barbazzeni, S. Haider, and M. Friebe, “Engaging through awareness: purpose-driven framework development to evaluate and develop future business strategies with exponential technologies toward healthcare democratization,” Frontiers in public health, vol. 10, p. 851380, 2022.

U. Rahardja, M. A. Ngadi, A. Sutarman, D. Apriani, and E. A. Nabila, “A mapping study research on blockchain technology in education 4.0,” in 2022 IEEE Creative Communication and Innovative Technology (ICCIT). IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–5.

O. Candra, N. B. Kumar, N. K. A. Dwijendra, I. Patra, A. Majdi, U. Rahardja, M. Kosov, J. W. G. Guerrero, and R. Sivaraman, “Energy simulation and parametric analysis of water cooled thermal photovoltaic systems: energy and exergy analysis of photovoltaic systems,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 22, p. 15074, 2022.

G. Fransiso, N. P. L. Santoso, M. Abbas, and Y. I. Tanjung, “Strategi pengembangan produk lokal melalui pendekatan social commerce pada umkm,” ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 48– 55, 2024.

M. K. Zaloom, “Technology acceptance factors for marketing early stage wearable technology startups through crowdfunding,” Ph.D. dissertation, Alliant International University, 2024.

U. Rahardja, “Using highchart to implement business intelligence on attendance assessment system based on yii framework,” International Transactions on Education Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 19–28, 2022.

X. Zhang, Y. Ma, Z. Jiang, S. Chandrasekaran, Y. Wang, and R. Fonkoua Fofou, “Application of design-based learning and outcome-based education in basic industrial engineering teaching: A new teaching method,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 5, p. 2632, 2021.

D. Mukherjee and G. S. Mitra Thakur, “Generic course outcomes for internationally evolving futuristic outcome-based technology education and a model of their implementation,” Educational Neuroscience, 2022.

X. Lin, O. Sivarak, T.-H. Chou, Y.-T. Lin, U. Rahardja, A. Ruangkanjanases, Y.-C. Lin, and S.-C. Chen, “Exploring the effect of team-environment fit in the relationship between team personality, job satisfaction, and performance,” Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 10, p. 897482, 2022.

T. Rochefort and Z. Ndlovu, “Digital marketing strategies in building brand awareness and loyalty in the online era,” Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 107–114, 2024.

S. Jirasatitsin, W. Rattanamanee, T. Ratanawilai, K. Pochana, C. Daesa, P. Trakarnchaisiri, and K. Thongkaew, “Design and development of a tool for measuring learning outcomes in a manufacturing engineering program based on outcome-based education,” in Leveraging Transdisciplinary Engineering in a Changing and Connected World. IOS Press, 2023, pp. 662–670.

P. Kaliraj, T. Devi, V. Bhuvaneswari, T. Amudha, R. Rajeswari, J. Satheeshkumar, M. Punithavalli, and S. Sarala, “Curriculum 4.0 for incorporating industry 4.0 tools in higher education,” in Industry 4.0 Technologies for Education. Auerbach Publications, 2022, pp. 233–255.

F. Faiqotuzzulfa and S. A. Putra, “Virtual reality’s impacts on learning results in 5.0 education: a meta-analysis,” International Transactions on Education Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 10–18, 2022.

S. Kosasi, U. Rahardja, I. D. A. E. Yuliani, R. Laipaka, B. Susilo, and H. Kikin, “It governance: Performance assessment of maturity levels of rural banking industry,” in 2022 4th International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS). IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–6.

F. Baskoro, B. Suprianto, L. Anifah, and Y. A. Indriyani, “Beyond smart devices: Fostering critical, communication and collaborative thinking in iot-based sensor and actuator competence learning outcomes.” TEM Journal, vol. 12, no. 4, 2023.

A. P. Anandh, P. Sivabalan, A. Sivaram, N. Sharma, and S. Anita, “Strategic implementation of co-po mapping in nba assessments and accreditation processes: Outcome-based education,” in Educational Philosophy and Sociological Foundation of Education. IGI Global Scientific Publishing, 2025, pp. 289–324.

U. Rahardja, P. A. Sunarya, N. Lutfiani, M. Hardini, and S. N. Sari, “Transformation of green economic recovery based on photovoltaic solar canopy,” Transformation, vol. 7, no. 2, 2022.

N. Lachlan and O. Smith, “Determining factors for startup success in indonesia: Perspective of young entrepreneurs,” Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 115–122, 2024.

X. Kanqi, L. Jun, and L. B. Xun, “Iot-inspired education 4.0 framework for higher education and industry needs,” in International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Security and Privacy. Springer, 2023, pp. 415–429.

T. A. Swain, M. A. McNarry, and K. A. Mackintosh, “Assessing and enhancing movement quality using wearables and consumer technologies: Thematic analysis of expert perspectives,” JMIR Formative Research, vol. 8, no. 1, p. e56784, 2024.

V. Agarwal, M. Lohani, A. S. Bist, U. Rahardja, A. Khoirunisa, and R. D. Octavyra, “Analysis of emerging preprocessing techniques combined with deep cnn for lung disease detection,” in 2022 1st International Conference on Technology Innovation and Its Applications (ICTIIA). IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–6.

A. Sutarman, J. Williams, D. Wilson, and F. B. Ismail, “A model-driven approach to developing scalable educational software for adaptive learning environments,” International Transactions on Education Technology (ITEE), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 9–16, 2024.

A. Padovano and M. Cardamone, “Towards human-ai collaboration in the competency-based curriculum development process: The case of industrial engineering and management education,” Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, vol. 7, p. 100256, 2024.

O.-F. Giger, E. Pfitzer, W. Mekniran, H. Gebhardt, E. Fleisch, M. Jovanova, and T. Kowatsch, “Digital health technologies and innovation patterns in diabetes ecosystems,” Digital Health, vol. 11, p. 20552076241311740, 2025.

N. K. A. Dwijendra, I. Vaslavskaya, N. V. Skvortsova, T. P. Rakhlis, U. Rahardja, M. H. Ali, A. H. Iswanto, L. Thangavelu, and M. M. Kadhim, “Application of experimental design in optimizing fuel station queuing system,” Industrial Engineering & Management Systems, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 381–389, 2022.

Downloads

Published

2025-04-08
DIMENSIONS

How to Cite

Sofiyan, Lucas Lawrence, Lily Maria Evans, Khaizure Mirdad, & Chen Yu. (2025). Utilizing Wearable Technologies to Foster Outcome-Based Education in Learning Factories. International Transactions on Education Technology (ITEE), 3(2), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.33050/itee.v3i2.793