
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Implementing Blockchain Technology to Strengthen Privacy and Authenticity in University Records
Corresponding Author(s) : Cindy Aurora
Jurnal MENTARI: Manajemen, Pendidikan dan Teknologi Informasi,
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): September
Abstract
The increasing demand for data integrity and confidentiality in higher education has driven institutions to explore innovative solutions to secure academic records. Traditional database systems often fail to ensure authenticity and protect sensitive information from unauthorized access or manipulation. This study investigates how blockchain technology can enhance privacy and authenticity in university record management. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a multiple case study approach. Data were collected through interviews and documentation analysis at selected Indonesian universities piloting blockchain-based systems. The analysis focuses on how blockchain’s decentralized and immutable features support secure data storage, verifiable credentials, and transparent access logs. The findings reveal that blockchain implementation significantly improves trust in academic data by reducing the risk of falsification and enabling real-time validation of records. Moreover, blockchain fosters institutional accountability and streamlines verification processes for both internal and external stakeholders. However, challenges such as integration with legacy systems, technical readiness, and regulatory alignment remain prominent. The study concludes that blockchain offers a promising framework for data-driven management in higher education, particularly in reinforcing the credibility and confidentiality of academic information. The results provide practical insights for policymakers and university leaders seeking to modernize their digital in frastructure while safeguarding the integrity of institutional records.
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- S. Sa’ad, A. C. Sani, M. B. Ribadu, and A. Mohammed, “Enhancing security and accessibility of personal records in nigeria using blockchain technology: A case study of modibbo adama university, yola,” International Journal of Development Mathematics (IJDM), vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 236–248, 2024.
- P. Verma and B. Ram, “Application of blockchain technology in data security,” IP Indian Journal of Library Science and Information Technology, vol. 1, pp. 51–55, 2024.
- N. K. Dewangan, P. Chandrakar, S. Kumari, and J. J. Rodrigues, “Enhanced privacy-preserving in student certificate management in blockchain and interplanetary file system,” Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 82, no. 8, pp. 12 595–12 614, 2023.
- G. Maulani, G. Gunawan, L. Leli, E. A. Nabila, and W. Y. Sari, “Digital certificate authority with blockchain cybersecurity in education,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 136–150, 2021.
- D. Rustiana, J. D. Pratama, T. Mudabbir, M. A. Fahmi, and G. A. Rofei, “Adoption computerized certificate transparency and confidentiality,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2022.
- M. Mulyati, I. Ilamsyah, A. Aris, M. S. Zahran et al., “Blockchain technology: can data security change higher education much better?” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 121–135, 2021.
- K. Goswami, D. Vaithiyanathan, P. Verma, and B. Kaur, “Document verification using blockchain,” in 2024 International Conference on Advances in Modern Age Technologies for Health and Engineering Science (AMATHE). IEEE, 2024, pp. 1–7.
- A. Maroso, D. S. Angreni, R. Ardiansyah, and K. A. Dwiwijaya, “Implementing blockchain for publishing and verifying digital certificates on edutech,” Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 02402010, 2024.
- F. Zidan, D. Nugroho, and B. A. Putra, “Securing enterprises: harnessing blockchain technology against cybercrime threats,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 168– 173, 2023.
- A. K. Dubey, “A review of blockchain cyber security,” ACCENTS Transactions on Image Processing and Computer Vision, vol. 9, no. 24, p. 1, 2023.
- I. K. Gunawan, N. Lutfiani, Q. Aini, F. M. Suryaman, and A. Sunarya, “Smart contract innovation and blockchain-based tokenization in higher education,” Journal of Education Technology, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 636–644, 2021.
- Y. Jin, “Design and optimization of a student management system based on blockchain technology in district computers,” in 2024 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Image Processing and Computer Applications (ICIPCA). IEEE, 2024, pp. 1654–1659.
- D. Immaniar, N. Azizah, D. Supriyanti, N. Septiani, and M. Hardini, “Pots: Proof of tunnel signature for certificate based on blockchain technology,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 101–114, 2021.
- D. Cahyadi, A. Faturahman, H. Haryani, E. Dolan et al., “Bcs: Blockchain smart curriculum system for verification student accreditation,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 65–83, 2021.
- T. Ramadhan, Q. Aini, S. Santoso, A. Badrianto, and R. Supriati, “Analysis of the potential context of blockchain on the usability of gamification with game-based learning,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 84–100, 2021.
- R. Azhari and A. N. Salsabila, “Transforming pt pertamina with cybersecurity, file security, and essential items,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 160–167, 2023.
- U. Rahardja, “Meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia dengan sistem pengembangan fundamental agile,” ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 63–68, 2022.
- S. Maesaroh, L. Kusumaningrum, N. Sintawana, D. P. Lazirkha, R. Dinda et al., “Wireless network security design and analysis using wireless intrusion detection system,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 30–39, 2022.
- T. Nurhaeni, N. Lutfiani, A. Singh, W. Febriani, and M. Hardini, “The value of technological developments based on an islamic perspective,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2021.
- M. Rusdan and M. T. Anwar, “Blockchain-based academic information system to enhance data security,” JUSTINFO— Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Informasi, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 186–193, 2024.
- A. Ridwan, K. Maharjan, and K. Ulwi, “Use of blockchain for data security in e-government systems,” Journal of Computer Science Advancements, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 406–419, 2024.
- A. Fadlil, I. Riadi, A. Nugrahantoro, J. P. D. Soepomo, J. SH, and U. Warungboto, “Data security for school service top-up transactions based on aes combination blockchain technology modification,” Lontar Komputer Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 155–166, 2021.
- L. K. Ramasamy and F. Khan, “Secure and transparent educational data record-keeping with blockchain,” in Blockchain for Global Education. Springer, 2024, pp. 147–164.
- A. M. Al-Ghonmein, Y. Alemami, K. G. Al-Moghrabi, and S. Atiewi, “Enhancing online exam security: encryption and authentication in jordanian and international universities.” International Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering (2088-8708), vol. 15, no. 1, 2025.
- T. Huang, “Transaction database encryption technology based on blockchain technology,” in 2023 8th International Conference on Information Systems Engineering (ICISE). IEEE, 2023, pp. 342–345.
- I. G. A. K. Warmayana et al., “Implementing blockchain in media management systems to ensure content authenticity and copyright protection,” Journal of Social Science Utilizing Technology, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 468–479, 2024.
- M. Rahmah, K. Almadany, and R. Khair, “Implementation of blockchain technology in the development of a mobile-based e-career system,” The Indonesian Journal of Computer Science, vol. 13, no. 5, 2024.
- R. Widayanti, E. P. Harahap, N. Lutfiani, F. P. Oganda, and I. S. P. Manik, “The impact of blockchain technology in higher education quality improvement,” J. Ilm. Tek. Elektro Komput. Dan Inform, vol. 7, pp. 207–216, 2021.
- K. Yuliana and R. Agustina, “Utilization of blockchain technology for future education,” Blockchain Frontier Technology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 39–43, 2022.
- R. Dharmalingam, H. Ugail, A. N. Shivasankarappa, and V. Dharmalingam, “Framework for digitally managing academic records using blockchain technology,” in Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics: Proceedings of ICMCSI 2021. Springer, 2022, pp. 633 645.
- U. Rahardja, “Blockchain education: as a challenge in the academic digitalization of higher education,” IAIC Transactions on Sustainable Digital Innovation (ITSDI), vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 62–69, 2022.
- A. Maariz, M. A. Wiputra, and M. R. D. Armanto, “Blockchain technology: Revolutionizing data integrity and security in digital environments,” International Transactions on Education Technology (ITEE), vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 92–98, 2024.
- L. K. Choi, P. A. Sunarya, and M. Fakhrezzy, “Blockchain technology as authenticated system for smart universities,” IAIC Transactions on Sustainable Digital Innovation (ITSDI), vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 57–61, 2022.
- J. C. D. Santos, “Blockchain for enhancing transparency and accountability in public sector governance,” in Enhancing Public Sector Accountability and Services Through Digital Innovation. IGI Global Scientific Publishing, 2025, pp. 73–128.
- H. Al Shamsi, “Enhancing digital transactions with blockchain technology: Descriptive-analytical study,” Access to Just. E. Eur., p. 485, 2024.
- I. Adhicandra, F. M. Kaaffah, C. H. Maharaja, and S. Sabri, “The impact of implementing blockchain technology in learning on data security and integrity,” Journal of Computer Science Advancements, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2024.
- T. M. Alar, M. Shuaib, I. M. Khormi, S. Alam, I. Aqeel, and S. Ahmad, “Enhancing the trust and transparency of academic records with blockchain-based systems,” in 2023 International conference in advances in power, signal, and information technology (APSIT). IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–7.
- N. Ani, S. Millah, and P. A. Sunarya, “Optimizing online business security with blockchain technology,” Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 67–80, 2024.
- S. Salsabila, “From farm to fork: Leveraging blockchain technology to improve food supply chain integrity in indonesia,” From Farm to Fork: Leveraging Blockchain Technology to Improve Food Supply Chain Integrity in Indonesia, 2024.
- C. Lukita, N. Sutisna, A. H. Arribathi, F. P. Oganda, S. A. Anjani, and A. Faturahman, “Blockchain for transparent academic records: Implications for higher education institutions,” in 2023 Eighth International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC). IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–6.
- W. Uriawan, A. P. Pratama, and S. Mursyid, “Blockchain technology for optimizing security and privacy in distributed systems,” Computer Science and Information Technologies, vol. 6, no. 2, 2025.
- S. Prabowo, A. G. Putrada, I. D. Oktaviani, M. Abdurohman, M. Janssen, H. H. Nuha, and S. Sutikno, “Privacy-preserving tools and technologies: Government adoption and challenges,” IEEE Access, 2025.
- U. Rahardja, “Application of the c4. 5 algorithm for identifying regional zone status using a decision tree in the covid-19 series,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 164–173, 2022.
- G. P. L. Permana and K. A. W. Martatika, “Potential and challenges of blockchain technology implementation in higher education: A systematic literature review,” Review of Management, Accounting, and Business Studies, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 57–67, 2024.
- D. Apriliasari, B. A. P. Seno et al., “Inovasi pemanfaatan blockchain dalam meningkatkan keamanan kekayaan intelektual pendidikan,” Jurnal MENTARI: Manajemen, Pendidikan Dan Teknologi Informasi, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 68–76, 2022.
- I. Suyuti, W. K. Prihantoro, and E. Sumiati, “Blockchain as an update to the islamic education ecosystem: analysis and adoption framework,” At-Tajdid: Jurnal Ilmu Tarbiyah, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 44–54, 2024.
- D. Wuisan, J. W. Manurung, C. Wantah, and M. E. Yuliana, “Entrepreneurial self-employment and work engagement in msmes through autonomy and rewards,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 264–281, 2025.
- T. W. E. Suryawijaya, “Memperkuat keamanan data melalui teknologi blockchain: Mengeksplorasi implementasi sukses dalam transformasi digital di indonesia,” JSKP: Jurnal Studi Kebijakan Publik, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 55–67, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.kemendagri.go.id/index.php/jskp/article/ download/1682/612/9805
References
S. Sa’ad, A. C. Sani, M. B. Ribadu, and A. Mohammed, “Enhancing security and accessibility of personal records in nigeria using blockchain technology: A case study of modibbo adama university, yola,” International Journal of Development Mathematics (IJDM), vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 236–248, 2024.
P. Verma and B. Ram, “Application of blockchain technology in data security,” IP Indian Journal of Library Science and Information Technology, vol. 1, pp. 51–55, 2024.
N. K. Dewangan, P. Chandrakar, S. Kumari, and J. J. Rodrigues, “Enhanced privacy-preserving in student certificate management in blockchain and interplanetary file system,” Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 82, no. 8, pp. 12 595–12 614, 2023.
G. Maulani, G. Gunawan, L. Leli, E. A. Nabila, and W. Y. Sari, “Digital certificate authority with blockchain cybersecurity in education,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 136–150, 2021.
D. Rustiana, J. D. Pratama, T. Mudabbir, M. A. Fahmi, and G. A. Rofei, “Adoption computerized certificate transparency and confidentiality,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2022.
M. Mulyati, I. Ilamsyah, A. Aris, M. S. Zahran et al., “Blockchain technology: can data security change higher education much better?” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 121–135, 2021.
K. Goswami, D. Vaithiyanathan, P. Verma, and B. Kaur, “Document verification using blockchain,” in 2024 International Conference on Advances in Modern Age Technologies for Health and Engineering Science (AMATHE). IEEE, 2024, pp. 1–7.
A. Maroso, D. S. Angreni, R. Ardiansyah, and K. A. Dwiwijaya, “Implementing blockchain for publishing and verifying digital certificates on edutech,” Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 02402010, 2024.
F. Zidan, D. Nugroho, and B. A. Putra, “Securing enterprises: harnessing blockchain technology against cybercrime threats,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 168– 173, 2023.
A. K. Dubey, “A review of blockchain cyber security,” ACCENTS Transactions on Image Processing and Computer Vision, vol. 9, no. 24, p. 1, 2023.
I. K. Gunawan, N. Lutfiani, Q. Aini, F. M. Suryaman, and A. Sunarya, “Smart contract innovation and blockchain-based tokenization in higher education,” Journal of Education Technology, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 636–644, 2021.
Y. Jin, “Design and optimization of a student management system based on blockchain technology in district computers,” in 2024 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Image Processing and Computer Applications (ICIPCA). IEEE, 2024, pp. 1654–1659.
D. Immaniar, N. Azizah, D. Supriyanti, N. Septiani, and M. Hardini, “Pots: Proof of tunnel signature for certificate based on blockchain technology,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 101–114, 2021.
D. Cahyadi, A. Faturahman, H. Haryani, E. Dolan et al., “Bcs: Blockchain smart curriculum system for verification student accreditation,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 65–83, 2021.
T. Ramadhan, Q. Aini, S. Santoso, A. Badrianto, and R. Supriati, “Analysis of the potential context of blockchain on the usability of gamification with game-based learning,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 84–100, 2021.
R. Azhari and A. N. Salsabila, “Transforming pt pertamina with cybersecurity, file security, and essential items,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 160–167, 2023.
U. Rahardja, “Meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia dengan sistem pengembangan fundamental agile,” ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 63–68, 2022.
S. Maesaroh, L. Kusumaningrum, N. Sintawana, D. P. Lazirkha, R. Dinda et al., “Wireless network security design and analysis using wireless intrusion detection system,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 30–39, 2022.
T. Nurhaeni, N. Lutfiani, A. Singh, W. Febriani, and M. Hardini, “The value of technological developments based on an islamic perspective,” International Journal of Cyber and IT Service Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2021.
M. Rusdan and M. T. Anwar, “Blockchain-based academic information system to enhance data security,” JUSTINFO— Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Informasi, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 186–193, 2024.
A. Ridwan, K. Maharjan, and K. Ulwi, “Use of blockchain for data security in e-government systems,” Journal of Computer Science Advancements, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 406–419, 2024.
A. Fadlil, I. Riadi, A. Nugrahantoro, J. P. D. Soepomo, J. SH, and U. Warungboto, “Data security for school service top-up transactions based on aes combination blockchain technology modification,” Lontar Komputer Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 155–166, 2021.
L. K. Ramasamy and F. Khan, “Secure and transparent educational data record-keeping with blockchain,” in Blockchain for Global Education. Springer, 2024, pp. 147–164.
A. M. Al-Ghonmein, Y. Alemami, K. G. Al-Moghrabi, and S. Atiewi, “Enhancing online exam security: encryption and authentication in jordanian and international universities.” International Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering (2088-8708), vol. 15, no. 1, 2025.
T. Huang, “Transaction database encryption technology based on blockchain technology,” in 2023 8th International Conference on Information Systems Engineering (ICISE). IEEE, 2023, pp. 342–345.
I. G. A. K. Warmayana et al., “Implementing blockchain in media management systems to ensure content authenticity and copyright protection,” Journal of Social Science Utilizing Technology, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 468–479, 2024.
M. Rahmah, K. Almadany, and R. Khair, “Implementation of blockchain technology in the development of a mobile-based e-career system,” The Indonesian Journal of Computer Science, vol. 13, no. 5, 2024.
R. Widayanti, E. P. Harahap, N. Lutfiani, F. P. Oganda, and I. S. P. Manik, “The impact of blockchain technology in higher education quality improvement,” J. Ilm. Tek. Elektro Komput. Dan Inform, vol. 7, pp. 207–216, 2021.
K. Yuliana and R. Agustina, “Utilization of blockchain technology for future education,” Blockchain Frontier Technology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 39–43, 2022.
R. Dharmalingam, H. Ugail, A. N. Shivasankarappa, and V. Dharmalingam, “Framework for digitally managing academic records using blockchain technology,” in Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics: Proceedings of ICMCSI 2021. Springer, 2022, pp. 633 645.
U. Rahardja, “Blockchain education: as a challenge in the academic digitalization of higher education,” IAIC Transactions on Sustainable Digital Innovation (ITSDI), vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 62–69, 2022.
A. Maariz, M. A. Wiputra, and M. R. D. Armanto, “Blockchain technology: Revolutionizing data integrity and security in digital environments,” International Transactions on Education Technology (ITEE), vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 92–98, 2024.
L. K. Choi, P. A. Sunarya, and M. Fakhrezzy, “Blockchain technology as authenticated system for smart universities,” IAIC Transactions on Sustainable Digital Innovation (ITSDI), vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 57–61, 2022.
J. C. D. Santos, “Blockchain for enhancing transparency and accountability in public sector governance,” in Enhancing Public Sector Accountability and Services Through Digital Innovation. IGI Global Scientific Publishing, 2025, pp. 73–128.
H. Al Shamsi, “Enhancing digital transactions with blockchain technology: Descriptive-analytical study,” Access to Just. E. Eur., p. 485, 2024.
I. Adhicandra, F. M. Kaaffah, C. H. Maharaja, and S. Sabri, “The impact of implementing blockchain technology in learning on data security and integrity,” Journal of Computer Science Advancements, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2024.
T. M. Alar, M. Shuaib, I. M. Khormi, S. Alam, I. Aqeel, and S. Ahmad, “Enhancing the trust and transparency of academic records with blockchain-based systems,” in 2023 International conference in advances in power, signal, and information technology (APSIT). IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–7.
N. Ani, S. Millah, and P. A. Sunarya, “Optimizing online business security with blockchain technology,” Startupreneur Business Digital (SABDA Journal), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 67–80, 2024.
S. Salsabila, “From farm to fork: Leveraging blockchain technology to improve food supply chain integrity in indonesia,” From Farm to Fork: Leveraging Blockchain Technology to Improve Food Supply Chain Integrity in Indonesia, 2024.
C. Lukita, N. Sutisna, A. H. Arribathi, F. P. Oganda, S. A. Anjani, and A. Faturahman, “Blockchain for transparent academic records: Implications for higher education institutions,” in 2023 Eighth International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC). IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–6.
W. Uriawan, A. P. Pratama, and S. Mursyid, “Blockchain technology for optimizing security and privacy in distributed systems,” Computer Science and Information Technologies, vol. 6, no. 2, 2025.
S. Prabowo, A. G. Putrada, I. D. Oktaviani, M. Abdurohman, M. Janssen, H. H. Nuha, and S. Sutikno, “Privacy-preserving tools and technologies: Government adoption and challenges,” IEEE Access, 2025.
U. Rahardja, “Application of the c4. 5 algorithm for identifying regional zone status using a decision tree in the covid-19 series,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 164–173, 2022.
G. P. L. Permana and K. A. W. Martatika, “Potential and challenges of blockchain technology implementation in higher education: A systematic literature review,” Review of Management, Accounting, and Business Studies, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 57–67, 2024.
D. Apriliasari, B. A. P. Seno et al., “Inovasi pemanfaatan blockchain dalam meningkatkan keamanan kekayaan intelektual pendidikan,” Jurnal MENTARI: Manajemen, Pendidikan Dan Teknologi Informasi, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 68–76, 2022.
I. Suyuti, W. K. Prihantoro, and E. Sumiati, “Blockchain as an update to the islamic education ecosystem: analysis and adoption framework,” At-Tajdid: Jurnal Ilmu Tarbiyah, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 44–54, 2024.
D. Wuisan, J. W. Manurung, C. Wantah, and M. E. Yuliana, “Entrepreneurial self-employment and work engagement in msmes through autonomy and rewards,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 264–281, 2025.
T. W. E. Suryawijaya, “Memperkuat keamanan data melalui teknologi blockchain: Mengeksplorasi implementasi sukses dalam transformasi digital di indonesia,” JSKP: Jurnal Studi Kebijakan Publik, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 55–67, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.kemendagri.go.id/index.php/jskp/article/ download/1682/612/9805