This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Personalized Learning Through Adaptive Technologies in E-Learning Environments
Corresponding Author(s) : Ika Yuni Purnama
Jurnal MENTARI: Manajemen, Pendidikan dan Teknologi Informasi,
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): September
Abstract
The rapid development of digital learning technologies has transformed educational practices by enabling more personalized and accessible learning experiences in e-learning environments. As a Background, adaptive technologies have emerged as a promising approach to address diverse learner needs and improve educational accessibility. The Objective of this study is to examine the influence of adaptive technologies on personalized learning experiences and their impact on educational accessibility in e-learning environments. The Method employed a quantitative research approach using a survey distributed to 334 respondents who had experience using e-learning platforms. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS to evaluate the relationships among the proposed constructs. The Results indicate that adaptive technologies significantly enhance personalized learning experiences by providing tailored learning content, individualized feedback, and flexible learning pathways. Furthermore, the findings reveal that personalized learning experiences have a positive and significant effect on educational accessibility, enabling learners with different backgrounds, abilities, and learning preferences to engage more effectively in the learning process. Adaptive technologies were also found to have a direct positive influence on educational accessibility. In Conclusion, the study demonstrates that the integration of adaptive technologies plays a crucial role in fostering personalized learning and improving educational accessibility within e-learning environments. These findings provide valuable insights for educators, educational institutions, and e-learning developers in designing inclusive and learner-centered digital learning systems that support diverse educational needs and promote equitable access to quality education.
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- S. Gevorgyan, “The use of adaptive learning technologies in e-learning for inclusive education: A systematic review,” E-Learning Innovations Journal, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 90–107, 2024.
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- E. Dritsas and M. Trigka, “Methodological and technological advancements in e-learning,” Information, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 56, 2025.
- R. Isaeva, N. Karasartova, K. Dznunusnalieva, K. Mirzoeva, and M. Mokliuk, “Enhancing learning effectiveness through adaptive learning platforms and emerging computer technologies in education,” Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 144–160, 2025.
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- S. Suryanto, A. A. A. Zawawi, and M. Morales, “Optimalisasi media sosial sebagai sarana peningkatan keterlibatan sosial umat islam: Optimizing social media as a means of increasing social involvement of muslims,” Alfabet Jurnal Wawasan Agama Risalah Islamiah, Teknologi dan Sosial, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 97–106, 2025.
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- A. Faturahman, N. S. Lubis, N. P. L. Santoso, A. Adiwijaya, M. Madisson et al., “Impact of blockchain enhanced digital marketing on brand awareness of solar panels,” Blockchain Frontier Technology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2025.
- Hariyanto, F. X. D. Kristianingsih, and R. Maharani, “Artificial intelligence in adaptive education: a systematic review of techniques for personalized learning,” Discover Education, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 458, 2025.
- K. Abhirami and M. Devi, “Student behavior modeling for an e-learning system offering personalized learning experiences.” Computer Systems Science & Engineering, vol. 40, no. 3, 2022.
- L. H. Aziz, R. A. Sunarjo, M. Ramdani, Q. Aini, E. A. Natalia, and L. Maria, “Implemetation of rop in stock control to minimize losses due to expiry,” ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 220–232, 2025.
- A. Brada and F. Dahmani, “Artificial intelligence technologies and their significance in enhancing the quality of adaptive e-learning,” Journal of Science and Knowledge Horizons, vol. 4, no. 02, pp. 30–47, 2024.
- E. Du Plooy, D. Casteleijn, and D. Franzsen, “Personalized adaptive learning in higher education: A scoping review of key characteristics and impact on academic performance and engagement,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 21, 2024.
- F. Sarshartehrani, E. Mohammadrezaei, M. Behravan, and D. Gracanin, “Enhancing e-learning experience through embodied ai tutors in immersive virtual environments: A multifaceted approach for personalized educational adaptation,” in International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Springer, 2024, pp. 272–287.
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- W. Zheng, “Intelligent e-learning design for art courses based on adaptive learning algorithms and artificial intelligence,” Entertainment Computing, vol. 50, p. 100713, 2024.
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- M. Fahrurrozi, S. R. Djalilah, D. Yunitasari, M. Mohzana, and H. S. Butt, “Development of technopreneurship based e-modules on entrepreneurial learning,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 795–808, 2026.
- H. Rahma et al., “Personalized learning experiences exploring adaptive e-learning systems for different learning styles,” Journal of Blended and Technical Education, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 72–86, 2024.
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- M. Iqbal, S. Sarwar, M. Safyan, and M. Nasralla, “Personalized and adaptive e-learning systems for semantic web: A systematic review and roadmap,” International Journal of Web Information Systems, 2024.
- D. Kem, “Personalised and adaptive learning: Emerging learning platforms in the era of digital and smart learning,” International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 385–391, 2022.
- A. Christodoulou and C. Angeli, “Adaptive learning techniques for a personalized educational software in developing teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge,” in Frontiers in Education, vol. 7. Frontiers Media SA, 2022, p. 789397.
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- C. Wolf, “Construction of an adaptive e-learning environment to address learning styles and an investigation of the effect of media choice,” Ph.D. dissertation, RMIT University, 2024.
- C. Lukita, A. K. Chandra, R. Fahrudin, N. M. Agatha, and D. P. Suci, “Maturity level measurement model of msmes for sustainable economic growth,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 434–442, 2026.
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- N. Hocine and K. Sehaba, “A systematic review of online personalized systems for the autonomous learning of people with cognitive disabilities,” Human–Computer Interaction, vol. 39, no. 3-4, pp. 174–205, 2024.
- V. Sumathy and G. Navamani, “Ai-driven personalized learning: Enhancing student success through adaptive technologies.” Library of Progress-Library Science, Information Technology & Computer, vol. 44, no. 3, 2024.
- U. Rahardja, C. T. Sigalingging, P. O. H. Putra, A. Nizar Hidayanto, and K. Phusavat, “The impact of mobile payment application design and performance attributes on consumer emotions and continuance intention,” Sage Open, vol. 13, no. 1, p. 21582440231151919, 2023.
- M. Murtaza, Y. Ahmed, J. A. Shamsi, F. Sherwani, and M. Usman, “Ai-based personalized e-learning systems: Issues, challenges, and solutions,” IEEE access, vol. 10, pp. 81 323–81 342, 2022.
- F. Abbes, S. Bennani, and A. Maalel, “Generative ai and gamification for personalized learning: Literature review and future challenges,” SN Computer Science, vol. 5, no. 8, p. 1154, 2024.
References
S. Gevorgyan, “The use of adaptive learning technologies in e-learning for inclusive education: A systematic review,” E-Learning Innovations Journal, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 90–107, 2024.
W. Usino, M. M. Sari, F. P. Oganda, O. P. M. Daeli, and E. Smith, “Artificial intelligence integration for sustainable business model innovation insights from global startups,” Sundara Advanced Research on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 82–89, 2025.
E. Dritsas and M. Trigka, “Methodological and technological advancements in e-learning,” Information, vol. 16, no. 1, p. 56, 2025.
R. Isaeva, N. Karasartova, K. Dznunusnalieva, K. Mirzoeva, and M. Mokliuk, “Enhancing learning effectiveness through adaptive learning platforms and emerging computer technologies in education,” Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 144–160, 2025.
A. Aprillia, A. Theriana, S. Syaifuddin, F. Amelia, and R. S. Ikhsan, “Development of blockchain based system for secure student data management,” Blockchain Frontier Technology, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 147–157, 2026.
I. Gligorea, M. Cioca, R. Oancea, A.-T. Gorski, H. Gorski, and P. Tudorache, “Adaptive learning using artificial intelligence in e-learning: A literature review,” Education Sciences, vol. 13, no. 12, p. 1216, 2023.
I. Rizvi, C. Bose, and N. Tripathi, “Transforming education: adaptive learning, ai, and online platforms for personalization,” in Technology for societal transformation: Exploring the intersection of information technology and societal development. Springer, 2025, pp. 45–62.
S. Suryanto, A. A. A. Zawawi, and M. Morales, “Optimalisasi media sosial sebagai sarana peningkatan keterlibatan sosial umat islam: Optimizing social media as a means of increasing social involvement of muslims,” Alfabet Jurnal Wawasan Agama Risalah Islamiah, Teknologi dan Sosial, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 97–106, 2025.
F. Benkhalfallah, M. R. Laouar, M. S. Benkhalfallah et al., “Examining adaptive e-learning approaches to enhance learning and individual experiences,” Acta Informatica Pragensia, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 327–339, 2024.
C. Halkiopoulos and E. Gkintoni, “Leveraging ai in e-learning: Personalized learning and adaptive assessment through cognitive neuropsychology—a systematic analysis,” Electronics, vol. 13, no. 18, p. 3762, 2024.
A. Faturahman, N. S. Lubis, N. P. L. Santoso, A. Adiwijaya, M. Madisson et al., “Impact of blockchain enhanced digital marketing on brand awareness of solar panels,” Blockchain Frontier Technology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2025.
Hariyanto, F. X. D. Kristianingsih, and R. Maharani, “Artificial intelligence in adaptive education: a systematic review of techniques for personalized learning,” Discover Education, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 458, 2025.
K. Abhirami and M. Devi, “Student behavior modeling for an e-learning system offering personalized learning experiences.” Computer Systems Science & Engineering, vol. 40, no. 3, 2022.
L. H. Aziz, R. A. Sunarjo, M. Ramdani, Q. Aini, E. A. Natalia, and L. Maria, “Implemetation of rop in stock control to minimize losses due to expiry,” ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 220–232, 2025.
A. Brada and F. Dahmani, “Artificial intelligence technologies and their significance in enhancing the quality of adaptive e-learning,” Journal of Science and Knowledge Horizons, vol. 4, no. 02, pp. 30–47, 2024.
E. Du Plooy, D. Casteleijn, and D. Franzsen, “Personalized adaptive learning in higher education: A scoping review of key characteristics and impact on academic performance and engagement,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 21, 2024.
F. Sarshartehrani, E. Mohammadrezaei, M. Behravan, and D. Gracanin, “Enhancing e-learning experience through embodied ai tutors in immersive virtual environments: A multifaceted approach for personalized educational adaptation,” in International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. Springer, 2024, pp. 272–287.
E. Setiawati, J. Edwards, M. M. Siahaan et al., “Increasing accessibility and personalization in distance learning through adaptive e-learning technology,” Jurnal MENTARI: Manajemen, Pendidikan dan Teknologi Informasi, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 20–29, 2025.
H. Er-Radi, S. Aammou, and A. Jdidou, “Personalized learning through adaptive content modification: Exploring the impact of content difficulty adjustment on learner performance,” Conhecimento & Diversidade, vol. 15, no. 39, pp. 263–275, 2023.
L. Kupchyk and A. Litvinchuk, “Constructing personal learning environments through ict-mediated foreign language instruction,” in Journal of physics: Conference series, vol. 1840, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2021, p. 012045.
U. Rahardja, T. Hongsuchon, T. Hariguna, and A. Ruangkanjanases, “Understanding impact sustainable intention of s-commerce activities: The role of customer experiences, perceived value, and mediation of relationship quality,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 20, p. 11492, 2021.
A. Kumar, S. Srivastava, and S. Jaiswal, “Transforming e-learning with adaptive technologies to improve personalized learning,” in 2024 International Conference on IoT, Communication and Automation Technology (ICICAT). IEEE, 2024, pp. 58–62.
F. Amastini, D. K. S. Sekarhati, and M. Puspitasari, “Advancing adaptive and personalized e-learning systems: A systematic literature review,” Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 0 250 209–0 250 209, 2025.
W. Zheng, “Intelligent e-learning design for art courses based on adaptive learning algorithms and artificial intelligence,” Entertainment Computing, vol. 50, p. 100713, 2024.
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Vokasi PKPLK Kemendikdasmen, “Lebih adaptif, ditsuslat dorong pemanfaatan teknologi digital dan ai untuk kursus daring,” Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Vokasi, Pendidikan Khusus, dan Pendidikan Layanan Khusus, Kemendikdasmen, Jul. 2025, published 3 July 2025. [Online]. Available: https://vokasi.kemendikdasmen.go.id/read/b/lebih-adaptif-ditsuslat-dorong-pemanfaatan-teknologi-digital-dan-ai-untuk-kursus-daring
M. Fahrurrozi, S. R. Djalilah, D. Yunitasari, M. Mohzana, and H. S. Butt, “Development of technopreneurship based e-modules on entrepreneurial learning,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 795–808, 2026.
H. Rahma et al., “Personalized learning experiences exploring adaptive e-learning systems for different learning styles,” Journal of Blended and Technical Education, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 72–86, 2024.
S. G. Essa, T. Celik, and N. E. Human-Hendricks, “Personalized adaptive learning technologies based on machine learning techniques to identify learning styles: A systematic literature review,” Ieee Access, vol. 11, pp. 48 392–48 409, 2023.
N. S. Raj and V. Renumol, “A systematic literature review on adaptive content recommenders in personalized learning environments from 2015 to 2020,” Journal of computers in education, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 113–148, 2022.
M. Iqbal, S. Sarwar, M. Safyan, and M. Nasralla, “Personalized and adaptive e-learning systems for semantic web: A systematic review and roadmap,” International Journal of Web Information Systems, 2024.
D. Kem, “Personalised and adaptive learning: Emerging learning platforms in the era of digital and smart learning,” International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 385–391, 2022.
A. Christodoulou and C. Angeli, “Adaptive learning techniques for a personalized educational software in developing teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge,” in Frontiers in Education, vol. 7. Frontiers Media SA, 2022, p. 789397.
S. Amin, M. I. Uddin, A. A. Alarood, W. K. Mashwani, A. Alzahrani, and A. O. Alzahrani, “Smart e-learning framework for personalized adaptive learning and sequential path recommendations using reinforcement learning,” IEEe Access, vol. 11, pp. 89 769–89 790, 2023.
C. Wolf, “Construction of an adaptive e-learning environment to address learning styles and an investigation of the effect of media choice,” Ph.D. dissertation, RMIT University, 2024.
C. Lukita, A. K. Chandra, R. Fahrudin, N. M. Agatha, and D. P. Suci, “Maturity level measurement model of msmes for sustainable economic growth,” Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT), vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 434–442, 2026.
O. O. Ayeni, N. M. Al Hamad, O. N. Chisom, B. Osawaru, and O. E. Adewusi, “Ai in education: A review of personalized learning and educational technology,” GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 261–271, 2024.
N. Hocine and K. Sehaba, “A systematic review of online personalized systems for the autonomous learning of people with cognitive disabilities,” Human–Computer Interaction, vol. 39, no. 3-4, pp. 174–205, 2024.
V. Sumathy and G. Navamani, “Ai-driven personalized learning: Enhancing student success through adaptive technologies.” Library of Progress-Library Science, Information Technology & Computer, vol. 44, no. 3, 2024.
U. Rahardja, C. T. Sigalingging, P. O. H. Putra, A. Nizar Hidayanto, and K. Phusavat, “The impact of mobile payment application design and performance attributes on consumer emotions and continuance intention,” Sage Open, vol. 13, no. 1, p. 21582440231151919, 2023.
M. Murtaza, Y. Ahmed, J. A. Shamsi, F. Sherwani, and M. Usman, “Ai-based personalized e-learning systems: Issues, challenges, and solutions,” IEEE access, vol. 10, pp. 81 323–81 342, 2022.
F. Abbes, S. Bennani, and A. Maalel, “Generative ai and gamification for personalized learning: Literature review and future challenges,” SN Computer Science, vol. 5, no. 8, p. 1154, 2024.